Impact of Coal Mine Waste Discharge on Water Quality of River Damodar with Special Reference to Zinc as Contaminant
Keywords:
Mining, Pollution, Coal Slurry, Beneficiation, Zinc, Toxicity, DithizoneAbstract
Almighty provided us pure water and air for all creatures on this earth, because these are essential for sustaining life. tudies have shown that one of the causes of heavy metal pollution is activity like mining. The most toxic among the trace metals are heavy metals. These have great affinity for sulphur and attack the S-H bond in enzymes resulting in decreased efficiency of the later. Protein and amino acids may also be attacked by heavy metal ions. Heavy metals include lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), silver (Ag) chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) iron (Fe). The present study was undertaken to find out the extent of heavy metal pollution in water of river Damodar due to coal mining. Coal has significant quantities of impurities in the form of ash. Washing – also known as coal beneficiation it is a method to reduce these impurities. A typical washing process starts with the crushing of coal to reduce it to a suitable size when water is mixed with impure coal a dense liquid is formed due mixing of water and magnetite the clean coal floats on this liquid while impurities sink. This water from washeries along with impurities forms slurry and is contaminating river Damodar. Water pollution by heavy metals is very prominent in areas of mining and old mine. These metals are leached out and in sloppy areas, are carried along with slurry to river. This slurry is also known as coal sludge. Coal sludge also contains many heavy metals. Small amounts of heavy metals can be necessary for health, but too much may cause acute or chronic toxicity (poisoning). Many of the heavy metals released in the mining and burning of coal are environmentally and biologically toxic elements, such as lead, mercury, nickel, tin, cadmium, antimony, and arsenic, Zinc Chromium as well as radio isotopes of thorium and strontium. During the present study author tried to find out concentration of Zinc, Nickel, and chromium present in coal sludge/ slurry. Samples were collected and analyzed in laboratory.
References
Sadiq M.,” Toxic metal chemistry in marine environments”, New York, Marcel Dekkar
Alloway B. J. and Ayres D. C., “Chemical principles of environment pollution”, Blackie. Academic and Professional London
Santucci B et al. (1988) Nickel sensitivity: effects of prolonged oral intake of the element contact dermatitis
Sarkar B (1984) Nickel metabolism. In: Sunderman FW Jr, ed. Nickel in the human environment.
Smith MK et al. (1993) Perinatal toxicity associated with nickel chloride exposure.
Davis, Gary A. et al. “The Product Side of Pollution Prevention: Evaluating Potential Safe Substitutes”Cincinnati,Ohio: Risk Reduction Laboratory, Office of Research and Development
Trivedi R. K., Hand book of Environmental Laws, Rules and Guide lines, Compliance and standard. Vol I and II
Landis W. G. and Yu. M. H., “Introduction to environmental toxicology: impacts of chemical upon ecological system”, 2nd edition. USA Lewis Publishers
Marcus, Jerrold J. (1997). Mining Environmental Handbook: Effects of Mining on the Environment and American Environmental Controls on Mining. London: Imperial College Press.
A Review: Nano Science For Environmental Remediation Lamine Aoudjit a*, Aicha Sebtia , Hafida Lebika , Farid Madjenea , Belgassim Boutraa , Sadek Igouda journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS) ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 1 Issue 6, pg: 242-247
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors contributing to this journal agree to publish their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to share their work (copy, distribute, transmit) and to adapt it, under the condition that the authors are given credit and that in the event of reuse or distribution, the terms of this license are made clear.
